英國「視與聽」雜誌(The Sight and Sound)每十年都會票選一次世界十大影片,是公認品味最卓越的電影榜單,今年(2002)又重新票選了一次,分成影評人與導演兩組,榜單如下:
(資料來源:http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/index.html)
(我還加上了中文片名與台灣DVD發行狀況)

Sight and Sound Critics Top Ten Poll 2002 (影評人票選)

1、《大國民》(Citizen Kane) (1941) (Welles) => 公版DVD
Dazzlingly inventive, technically breathtaking, Citizen Kane reinvented the way stories could be told in the cinema, and set a standard generations of film-makers have since aspired to. An absorbing account of a newspaper tycoon's rise to power, Orson Welles' debut film feels as fresh as tomorrow's headlines. And he was only 26 when he made it.


2、《迷魂記》(Vertigo) (1958) (Hitchcock) => 正版DVD,環球發行
A gripping detective story or a delirious investigation into desire, grief and jealousy? Hitchcock had a genius for transforming genre pieces into vehicles for his own dark obsessions, and this 1958 masterpiece shows the director at his mesmerising best. And for James Stewart fans, it also boasts the star's most compelling performance.


3、《遊戲規則》(La Regle du jeu) (1939) (Renoir) => 未發行
Tragedy and comedy effortlessly combine in Renoir's country house ensemble drama. A group of aristocrats gather for some rural relaxation, a shooting party is arranged, downstairs the servants bicker about a new employee, while all the time husbands, wives, mistresses and lovers sweetly deceive one another and swap declarations of love like name cards at a dinner party.


4、《教父/教父續集》(The Godfather and The Godfather part II) (1972/1974) (Coppola) => 正版DVD,派拉蒙發行
Few films have portrayed the US immigrant experience quite so vividly as Coppola's Godfather films, or exposed the contradictions of the American Dream quite so ruthlessly. And what a cast, formidable talent firing all cylinders: Brando, De Niro, Pacino, Keaton, Duvall, Caan. Now that's an offer you can't refuse.


5、《東京物語》(Tokyo Story) (1953) (Ozu) => 台版、港版、大陸版已發行
A poignant story of family relations and loss, Ozu's subtle mood piece portrays the trip an elderly couple make to Tokyo to visit their grown-up children. The shooting style is elegantly minimal and formally reticent, and the film's devastating emotional impact is drawn as much from what is unsaid and unshown as from what is revealed.


6、《2001太空漫遊》(2001: A Space Odyssey) (1968) (Kubrick) => 正版DVD,華納發行
One of the most ambitious Hollywood movies ever made, 2001 crams into its two-hour plus running time a story that spans the prehistoric age to the beginning of the third millennium, and features some of the most hypnotically beautiful special effects work ever committed to film. After seeing this, you can never listen to Strauss' Blue Danube without thinking space crafts waltzing against starry backdrops.


7、《波坦金戰艦》(Battleship Potemkin) (1925) (Eisenstein) => 未發行
Eisenstein's recreation of a mutiny by sailors of the battleship Potemkin in 1905 works as daring formal experiment - which pushed the expressive potential of film editing to its limit - and rousing propaganda for the masses. The Odessa Steps sequence remains one of the most memorable set-pieces in cinema.


7、《日出》(Sunrise) (1927) (Murnau) => 未發行
Having left his native Germany for the US, F.W. Murnau had all the resources of a major Hollywood studio at his disposal for this, his American debut. What he produced was a visually stunning film romance that ranks as one of the last hurrahs of the silent period.


9、《八又二分之一》(8 1/2) (1963) (Fellini) => 公版DVD
Wonderfully freefloating, gleefully confusing reality and fantasy, 8 1/2 provides a ringside seat into the ever active imaginative life of its director protagonist Guido, played by Fellini's on-screen alter-ego Marcello Mastroianni. The definitive film about film-making - as much about the agonies of the creative process as the ecstasies - it's no wonder the movie is so popular with directors.


10、《萬花嬉春》(Singin' In the Rain) (1952) (Kelly、Donen) => 正版DVD,華納發行
Impossible to watch without a smile on your face, this affectionate tribute to the glory days of Hollywood in the 1920s is pleasure distilled into 102 minutes. With Gene Kelly dance sequences that take your breath away and a great score by Brown and Freed, this is the film musical at its best.


Sight and Sound Directors' Top Ten Poll 2002 (導演票選)

1、《大國民》(Citizen Kane) (1941) (Welles) => 公版DVD
Dazzlingly inventive, technically breathtaking, Citizen Kane reinvented the way stories could be told in the cinema, and set a standard generations of film-makers have since aspired to. An absorbing account of a newspaper tycoon's rise to power, Orson Welles' debut film feels as fresh as tomorrow's headlines. And he was only 26 when he made it.


2、《教父/教父續集》(The Godfather and The Godfather part II) (1972/1974) (Coppola) => 正版DVD,派拉蒙發行
Few films have portrayed the US immigrant experience quite so vividly as Coppola's Godfather films, or exposed the contradictions of the American Dream quite so ruthlessly. And what a cast, formidable talent firing all cylinders: Brando, De Niro, Pacino, Keaton, Duvall, Caan. Now that's an offer you can't refuse.


3、《八又二分之一》(8 1/2) (1963) (Fellini) => 公版DVD
Wonderfully freefloating, gleefully confusing reality and fantasy, 8 1/2 provides a ringside seat into the ever active imaginative life of its director protagonist Guido, played by Fellini's on-screen alter-ego Marcello Mastroianni. The definitive film about film-making - as much about the agonies of the creative process as the ecstasies - it's no wonder the movie is so popular with directors.


4、《阿拉伯的勞倫斯》(Lawrence of Arabia) (1962) (Lean) => 正版DVD,哥倫比亞發行
Filmed in the desert in lavish widescreen and rich colours, Lawrence of Arabia is David Lean at his most epic and expansive. You can almost feel the waves of heat glowing from the cinema screen.


5、《奇愛博士》(Dr. Strangelove) (1964) (Kubrick) => 正版DVD,哥倫比亞發行
A black comedy about impending nuclear annihilation that was made at the height of the cold war, Dr. Strangelove is perhaps Kubrick’s most audacious movie and certainly his funniest. Peter Sellers has never been better, and provides good value playing three roles.


6、《單車失竊記》(Bicycle Thieves) (1948) (De Sica) => 公版DVD
Mixing melodrama, documentary and social commentary, De Sica follows an impoverished father and son treading the streets of post-war Rome, desperately seeking their stolen bicycle. Deeply compassionate, this poignant film is one of the outstanding examples of Italian neorealism.


6、《蠻牛》(Raging Bull) (1980) (Scorsese) => 正版DVD,米高梅發行
An unblinkingly honest biopic of Jake La Motta - a great prizefighter but a deeply flawed human being - this catches Scorsese in fighting fit form. The boxing sequence are both brutal and beautiful, and De Niro, who famously put on weight to play the middle-aged La Motta, gives one of the performances of modern cinema.


6、《迷魂記》(Vertigo) (1958) (Hitchcock) => 正版DVD,環球發行
A gripping detective story or a delirious investigation into desire, grief and jealousy? Hitchcock had a genius for transforming genre pieces into vehicles for his own dark obsessions, and this 1958 masterpiece shows the director at his mesmerising best. And for James Stewart fans, it also boasts the star's most compelling performance.


9、《羅生門》(Rashomon) (1950) (Kurosawa) => 公版DVD
Offering four differing accounts of a rape and murder, all told in flashbacks, Kurosawa’s 1951 film is a complex meditation on the distortive nature of memory and a gripping study of human behaviour at its most base. Mifune Toshiro is magnetic as the bandit Tajomaru.


9、《遊戲規則》(La Regle du jeu) (1939) (Renoir) => 未發行
Tragedy and comedy effortlessly combine in Renoir's country house ensemble drama. A group of aristocrats gather for some rural relaxation, a shooting party is arranged, downstairs the servants bicker about a new employee, while all the time husbands, wives, mistresses and lovers sweetly deceive one another and swap declarations of love like name cards at a dinner party.


9、《七武士》(Seven Samurai) (1954) (Kurosawa) => 公版DVD
The blueprint for The Magnificent Seven was Kurosawa's magnificent swordplay epic of self-sacrifice about a band of hired samurai who come together to protect a helpless village from a rapacious gang of 40 thieves who descend every year to steal the harvest and kidnap women. The final sequence of the fight in the mud and rain has never been bettered.


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上一屆(1992年)的榜單如下,可以比較哪些片子上昇下降,浮現或消失了....

Critics' Poll (影評人票選)
1、《大國民》(Citizen Kane) (Welles)
2、《遊戲規則》(La Regle du jeu) (Renoir)
3、《東京物語》(Tokyo Story) (Ozu)
4、《迷魂記》(Vertigo) (Hitchcock)
5、《搜索者》(The Searchers) (Ford)
6、《駁船亞特蘭大號》(L'Atalante) (Vigo)
6、《波坦金戰艦》(Battleship Potemkin) (Eisenstein)
6、《聖女貞德的受難》(The Passion of Joan of Arc) (Dreyer)
6、大地之歌 Pather Panchali (S. Ray)
10、《2001太空漫遊》(2001: A Space Odyssey) (Kubrick)

Directors' Poll (導演票選)
1、《大國民》(Citizen Kane) (Welles)
2、《八又二分之一》(8 1/2) (Fellini)
2、《蠻牛》(Raging Bull) (Scorsese)
4、《大路》(La strada) (Fellini)
5、《駁船亞特蘭大號》(L'Atalante) (Vigo)
6、《教父》(The Godfather) (Coppola)
6、《摩登時代》(Modern Times) (Chaplin)
6、《迷魂記》(Vertigo) (Hitchcock)
9、《教父續集》(The Godfather Part II) (Coppola)
10、《聖女貞德的受難》(The Passion of Joan of Arc) (Dreyer)
10、《羅生門》(Rashomon) (Kurosawa)
10、《七武士》(Seven Samurai) (Kurosawa)

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IMDB觀眾評分的Top 10榜單如下(2002/9/8),可以比較有什麼異同.........

1、《教父》(The Godfather) (1972)
2、《刺激1995》(The Shawshank Redemption) (1994)
3、《教父續集》(The Godfather Part II) (1974)
4、《魔戒首部曲》(The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring) (2001)
5、《大國民》(Citizen Kane) (1941)
6、《辛德勒的名單》(Schindler's List) (1993)
7、《北非諜影》(Casablanca) (1942)
8、《七武士》(Shichinin no samurai) (1954)
9、《星際大戰》(Star Wars) (1977)
10、《記憶拼圖》(Memento) (2000)

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可以到下列網頁去看整個候選片單,點選片名還可以看到得票數......
http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound....php?list=films

《臥虎藏龍》似乎不在候選片單之中,倒是有看到侯孝賢與楊德昌的片子。
《悲情城市》的得票數還不錯,下一屆能不能進入十大呢?

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平心而論,對於Sight & Sound的電影榜單,導演組的票選結果比較能符合我的口味,而影評組的就多多少少有些學院派。Sight & Sound從1952年開始舉辦票選,每十年選拔一次,起初只有影評人票選而已。自從1992年起才增加導演組票選,而使得《教父》與《蠻牛》這些新生代影片能夠進入榜單。如今,《教父》更攀上了影評組的第四名,否則真會被譏笑為食古不化了。

不論如何,這些榜單中的任何一部影片,都是電影界留下來的珍貴遺產,值得我們拿來好好地研究一番。雖然有些片可能不符合你的口味,卻能讓你從中看出電影百年來由蓽路藍縷到蓬勃發展的歷程。

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來檢視一下這個榜單中,電影的類型與題材吧.........

《波坦金戰艦》(Battleship Potemkin) => 戰爭,革命
《日出》(Sunrise) => 愛情文藝
《遊戲規則》(La Regle du jeu) => 喜劇
《大國民》(Citizen Kane) => 傳記,社會批判
《單車失竊記》(Bicycle Thieves) => 社會寫實
《羅生門》(Rashomon) => 犯罪,武俠,人道主義
《萬花嬉春》(Singin' In the Rain) => 歌舞,愛情,電影史
《東京物語》(Tokyo Story) => 社會寫實
《七武士》(Seven Samurai) => 動作,武士道
《迷魂記》(Vertigo) => 驚悚,懸疑
《阿拉伯的勞倫斯》(Lawrence of Arabia) => 傳記,戰爭
《八又二分之一》(8 1/2) => 自傳
《奇愛博士》(Dr. Strangelove) => 科幻,戰爭,喜劇
《2001太空漫遊》(2001: A Space Odyssey) => 科幻
《教父/教父續集》(The Godfather and The Godfather part II) => 犯罪,文藝
《蠻牛》(Raging Bull) => 傳記

可以看出其中的類型與題材是包羅萬象,並沒有刻意去排斥哪一種類型,應該純粹是以藝術性與開創性來考量而已。或許還缺恐怖類吧?但有哪些恐怖片值得入榜的呢?我曾經想過《大法師》、《鬼店》,或者是《Night of the Living Dead》,但是不錯歸不錯,似乎還沒有擠入這個榜單的實力吧?

至於,近二十年的電影都名落孫山,我也著實想不出有哪部夠資格入榜的。不僅僅電影本身要夠好,還要能好到取代這些老骨董的地步,真的是很難很難啊!!!

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答辯網友關於《單車失竊記》和《天堂的孩子》的比較:

若輕忽《單車失竊記》的價值,則絕對是一個重大的損失。會覺得《天堂的孩子》比較好的人,可能是因為此片的戲劇渲染力夠,能夠輕易地博得觀眾的喜愛,但這也是當初較受批評的地方。

《單車失竊記》的風格類似記錄片,比較純粹,嚐起來淡淡的卻餘味無窮。而且對義大利戰後的困窘,夫妻間的互愛互諒,父子間的關懷之情,都有極為深刻的描述。所以若將此片歸類到只有骨架沒有血肉,這是我萬萬無法茍同的。

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「藝術」其實沒有那麼高不可攀,並不是象牙塔裡專供老學究鑽研的東西。

淺顯地來說,「藝術」就是「真、善、美」,只要是呈現人生的真實面貌,表達出心中的理想,尋求完美的形式與主題切合,這就是所謂的藝術。誠然,從古到今有許多作家、畫家或音樂家,為了維持生活而創作。但是假如他們的作品能符合「真、善、美」的要素,我們仍然承認其為藝術。假如只是譁眾取寵,以色情或暴力題材純剝削的,那麼就是所謂的商業罷了。

再略為補充一下.......
有人可能會說,《教父》片中也有暴力與裸露鏡頭啊?那麼這是藝術還是商業剝削呢?
這個問題相當廣泛,恐怕三言兩語也說不清楚,也可能沒有一個定論。
簡略地來說,暴力與色情僅是一種素材,假若是為了呈現生活的真實面,或作為某些意識形態說明的,這稱為藝術並不為過。假若只是為了灑狗血當作賣點的,那麼就是純粹的商業剝削了。

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